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软件开发中高频专业名词汇总!防止有人不说人话
242 2024-09-29
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啥都会一点的研究生
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Software Development Terms Summary
Software Development Processes and Methodologies:
- Agile Software Development: A flexible approach emphasizing continuous improvement and rapid delivery.
- Acceptance Testing: Testing at the client side to ensure software meets requirements.
- Alpha testing: Internal testing within the developing company.
- Beta testing: External testing with selected users to provide feedback.
- CI (Continuous Integration): Practice of merging all developer working copies to a shared mainline.
- SDLC (Software Development Life Cycle): General process of developing software in a step-by-step manner.
- Waterfall Model: An early model of software development with seven stages.
Programming Concepts and Techniques:
- Algorithm: A set of steps to accomplish a task.
- Code Refactoring: The process of restructuring existing code to reduce technical debt.
- Data Abstraction: Principle that separates interface from internal implementation.
- Data Structures: Formats for organizing and processing data.
- Debugging: Detecting and removing errors from the program.
- Dependencies: Associations that dictate the sequence of task execution.
- Object-oriented Programming: A system based on objects containing data and code.
Software Components and Interfaces:
- API (Application Programming Interface): Tools that offer building blocks for software functionalities.
- Backend: Server-side software not directly interacted with by users.
- Frontend: Client-side software that users interact with.
- HTML (Hypertext Markup Language): Markup language for constructing webpages.
- User interface: Interface design focusing on appearance and style.
Programming Languages and Tools:
- Compiler: Program that translates high-level code into standalone programs.
- CSS (Cascading Style Sheets): Language for styling HTML elements.
- Functional Language: Language that uses expressions instead of commands.
- General Purpose Language: Language applicable for a wide range of problems.
- Git: System for managing different versions of code.
- Javascript: Portable language for multiple platforms.
- IDE (Integrated Development Environment): Application that assists in writing code.
- Machine Learning: Study of algorithms to make predictions based on data.
Maintenance and Quality Assurance:
- Adaptive maintenance: Changes made to software to suit different operating systems or environments.
- Corrective Maintenance: Maintenance to correct errors not found before installation.
- Performance Testing: Testing software's speed and response under specific workloads.
- QA (Quality Assurance): Review process to ensure software meets expected standards.
Additional Concepts:
- Open Source: Source code freely available for download and modification.
- Plugin: Addition that adds new functionality to a host program.
- Version Control: Managing changes to a codebase over time.
- XML (Extensive Markup Language): Markup language for encoding documents and data serialization.
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