8个重构技巧使得Python代码更Pythonic

Code Refactoring Tips Summary

1. Merge Nested if Statements: Simplify nested if statements by combining them into one. Instead of nesting, use a logical AND to combine conditions.

        if a and b:
            pass
    

2. Use any() Instead of a Loop: Use Python's any() function to check if any element in a list is true, which is more concise and pythonic than manually looping through each element.

        has_positives = any(n > 0 for n in numbers)
    

3. Extract Statements from Loops: Remove variables inside loops that do not change and define them outside the loop to avoid unnecessary operations.

        city = 'London'
        for building in buildings:
            addresses.append(building.street_address, city)
    

4. Remove Inline Variables That Are Immediately Returned: Directly return a function's result instead of defining an inline variable that is used only once.

        return {
            ATTR_CODE_FORMAT: self.code_format,
            ATTR_CHANGED_BY: self.changed_by,
        }
    

5. Replace if Statements with if Expressions: Use an if expression to set a variable's value in one line instead of using if-else statements.

        x = 1 if condition else 2
    

6. Add Guard Clauses: Use guard clauses to reduce nesting and make the code clearer. Move checks that can exit the function early to the beginning.

        if not isinstance(hat, Hat):
            return False
        # ... rest of the function
    

7. Move Assignments Closer to Their Usage: Increase code readability by moving variable assignments closer to where they are used, especially if certain conditions affect their usage.

        weather_outside = self.look_out_of_window()
        if weather_outside.is_raining:
            return True
        else:
            current_fashion = get_fashion()
            return self.evaluate_style(hat, current_fashion)
    

8. Simplify Sequence Checks: Use truthiness testing recommended by PEP 8 to check if a collection has elements instead of comparing the length to zero.

        if list_of_hats:
            hat_to_wear = choose_hat(list_of_hats)
    

The summary is based on content from the original public WeChat account "数据STUDIO" which focuses on Python and data science topics including data analysis, visualization, machine learning, data mining, and web scraping.