敏捷框架介绍：DSDM（动态系统开发模型）

DSDM: An Agile Framework Overview

DSDM (Dynamic Systems Development Method) is an agile framework that emphasizes business needs, focusing on critical aspects and driving project outcomes by incorporating agile methods and practices. It operates on multiple levels, including philosophy, principles, pillars, and foundations and employs a structured approach to project delivery.

Philosophy and Principles

The philosophy of DSDM is rooted in eight core principles that promote clear communication among all project participants. These principles are supported by four major pillars: process, people, products, and practices, all resting on a foundation of common sense and pragmatism, which insists on the practical effectiveness of methods and practices.

The Eight Principles of DSDM

• Focus on business need
• Deliver on time
• Collaborate
• Never compromise quality
• Build incrementally from firm foundations
• Develop iteratively
• Communicate continuously and clearly
• Control is visualized

The Six Phases of DSDM

Prior to starting a project, DSDM outlines six states, from the initial concept to the delivery of increments. Beginning with a vague pre-project phase, it moves through feasibility and project foundations to establish the project's direction. During the evolutionary development phase, core activities such as iterations, timeboxing, and MoSCoW prioritization are utilized. Following development, the deployment of results occurs incrementally, with a final phase that reviews the business outcomes and processes.

DSDM Roles

Key roles in DSDM include Project Managers (PMs) and DSDM Coaches. PMs coordinate management activities throughout the process, linking business needs with the solution delivery team, and ensuring the project proceeds as planned, including managing delays. DSDM Coaches guide the team in adopting agile methods and maturing through iterations.

Hierarchy and Artifacts in DSDM

At the beginning of a DSDM project, a Business Case (BC) is established to outline primary objectives and rationales, which must be approved by senior management. A feasibility report may be required based on the BC, typically created by a business analyst on behalf of the business sponsor.

DSDM Tools and Techniques

DSDM emphasizes rapid product delivery in each iteration, using tools and methods like timeboxing, MoSCoW prioritization, facilitated workshops, iterative development, and modeling and prototyping. Workshops are particularly important for collaborative decision-making and knowledge sharing, requiring a facilitator to ensure efficiency and effectiveness.

Benefits of Workshops

Workshops within DSDM enable consensus-building through focused discussions and provide an ideal environment for system thinking and idea exploration. They allow broader participation in decision-making, ensuring fast and accurate decisions.